Final answer:
Instructional materials designed based on cognitive load theory aim to minimize extraneous cognitive load through minimalist slides with concise information, structured PowerPoint lecture slides with learning objectives and organized content, and enhanced slides featuring key graphics and discussion questions for increased engagement.
Step-by-step explanation:
Instructional material design based on cognitive load theory should minimize extraneous cognitive load and maximize learning. Examples of designs that reflect this theory include:
- Minimalist slides with concise information that focus the learner on the essential content without overloading them with excessive text or complex diagrams.
- PowerPoint lecture slides that start with learning objectives, integrate images with descriptions, include discussion questions, and utilize a pedagogical framework to help students structure their learning and retain information.
- Enhanced lecture PowerPoint slides that feature selected graphics, key concepts and definitions, examples, and discussion questions to foster engagement and facilitate cognitive processing.
On the contrary, text-heavy slides with complex diagrams, random placement of information, and monotonous delivery without engagement strategies typically contribute to ineffective learning experiences because they impose heavy cognitive loads on students and disrupt the information processing flow.