Final answer:
The polarity of secondary terminals on a transformer arranged as X3, X2, X1 from left to right cannot be assigned definitively without context, but typically X1 is the positive terminal. A step-down transformer has a primary voltage higher than its secondary voltage, and primary current lower than secondary current. Magnetic fields in transformers point from north to south poles.
Step-by-step explanation:
The secondary terminals on a transformer in order X3, X2, X1 from left to right is of a specific polarity. For transformers, the terminal polarities are typically indicated in a way that shows how the voltage is induced in the secondary coil with respect to the primary coil's voltage. If we follow the conventional standard that current flows from a higher potential to a lower potential, and considering the typical right-hand rule for induction, the polarity would be such that X1 would likely be the positive terminal, and X3 the negative, when looking at the terminals facing you with X3 on the left and X1 on the right. However, without additional context or a diagram, we cannot definitively assign absolute polarities, only relative ones.
A step-down transformer is characterized by having a primary voltage that is higher than the secondary voltage. This difference in voltage means the transformer reduces the voltage from primary to secondary. Moreover, in such a transformer, if the power is conserved, the primary current is lower than the secondary current due to the inverse relationship between voltage and current in a transformer, which obeys the law of conservation of energy.
A magnetic field created in a transformer, which is necessary for the induction between the primary and secondary coils, points from the north to the south pole of the magnet.