Final answer:
A landfill is not an example of an environmental good because it is a human-made structure for waste management, unlike a forest ecosystem, clean air, and biodiversity, which are all natural goods or services provided by the environment.
Step-by-step explanation:
The environment provides us with a plethora of resources, classified as either environmental goods or ecosystem services. The distinction between these is critical in understanding environmental science. Environmental goods are tangible items that come from ecosystems, such as the materials and the genetic resources they contain, whereas ecosystem services are the processes and functions that ecosystems perform to support life and human well-being.
Given the options: a) a forest ecosystem, b) clean air, c) biodiversity, and d) a landfill, the answer is d) a landfill. A forest ecosystem provides wood, a habitat for biodiversity, and recreational space, which are all goods. Clean air is a service provided by ecosystems that filters pollutants and provides oxygen. Biodiversity itself could be considered a good because of the genetic resources it provides. However, a landfill is not a product of the ecosystem but a man-made infrastructure for waste management, and therefore it is not an example of an environmental good.