Final answer:
Equality of opportunity implies everyone receives the same resources, whereas equitable opportunity considers individual needs and provides additional support to those facing systemic disadvantages. Option b) most accurately defines the differences between these two concepts.
Step-by-step explanation:
Equality of opportunity and equitable opportunity are two concepts that are often discussed in the context of schooling and social justice. Equality of opportunity refers to the idea that everyone should have the same starting point, which means that resources and opportunities should be distributed equally without preference or bias towards certain groups. This concept is exemplified by situations where all students are provided with the same textbooks and access to the same schools. However, it does not take into account individual needs or barriers that might prevent equal access to these opportunities.
In contrast, equitable opportunity takes into consideration the individual needs and circumstances of each person. It aims to level the playing field by providing additional support or resources to those who face systemic disadvantages or obstacles. An example of equitable opportunity in schools would be providing additional tutoring for students who come from under-resourced educational backgrounds.
To answer the question directly, option b) 'Equality ensures everyone gets the same resources, while equity considers individual needs' best describes the difference between equality and equity in the context of schooling.