Final answer:
Anisogamy and paternity uncertainty can lead to polyandry.
Step-by-step explanation:
Anisogamy refers to the difference in size and behavior between male and female gametes. Paternity uncertainty refers to the uncertainty of male parentage due to the potential for multiple male mates. These factors can influence mating systems in different species.
In the case of polyandry, one female mates with multiple males. This mating system is more commonly seen in species where males invest heavily in parental care or where resources are limited. By mating with multiple males, the female increases the chances of successful reproduction and ensures access to resources.
On the other hand, polygyny is a mating system where one male mates with multiple females. This mating system is more common when males defend resources needed by females, such as territory or food. The competition among males leads to a few dominant males mating with multiple females.
Based on the information provided, anisogamy and paternity uncertainty would most likely lead to polyandry (option a)