Final answer:
Using the three basic logical structures, programmers can create efficient algorithms, which are crucial for writing effective programs. Algorithms provide a structured approach for problem-solving, while heuristics offer mental shortcuts for decision-making processes.
Step-by-step explanation:
The correct answer to the question is b. Efficient algorithms. The three basic logic structures are sequence, selection, and loop. When used effectively, they enable programmers to create efficient algorithms, which are vital for developing programs that perform their tasks in the most effective and time-efficient manner. An algorithm is a step-by-step procedure for solving a problem or carrying out a task. Heuristics, on the other hand, are mental shortcuts or rules of thumb that can help streamline cognitive processing and decision-making.
In the context of computer programming, heuristics may help in the early stages of algorithm development or in dealing with complex problems where an exact solution is not feasible. However, the desired outcome here is the creation of efficient algorithms that can power various computing operations, ranging from simple applications to complex scientific computations.