Final answer:
The statement that job enlargement is the practice of moving employees from one job to another to improve motivation and physiological conditions is false. Job enlargement actually aims to increase the variety of tasks within an employee's current role to enhance job satisfaction and motivation.
Step-by-step explanation:
The student's question concerns the concept of job enlargement in the workplace, which is false as per the given statement. Job enlargement is not about moving employees from one job to another; rather, it refers to increasing the variety of tasks that an employee performs within their current role. This practice is designed to enhance job satisfaction and workers' motivation by making their work more interesting and challenging.
Historically, approaches like scientific management aimed to increase workers' efficiency by optimizing their work processes and environment, as proposed by Frederick Taylor. Meanwhile, theories such as Theory X and Theory Y provide insights into different management styles that can either view employees as inherently lazy (needing control and punishment) or inherently motivated (capable of self-direction and seeking out work).
Job enlargement should not be confused with job rotation, which is the practice of moving employees from one job to another. While enlargement seeks to add more diverse tasks to a person's current role, the motivation and improvement in psychological conditions are by-products of such a design, not the primary aim of job rotation.