Final answer:
Lord Cornwallis brought several changes during his tenure in India under the British East India Company, including land revenue reforms, expansion of trade and commerce, establishment of educational institutions, and implementation of religious tolerance policies.
Step-by-step explanation:
During Lord Cornwallis' tenure in India under the British East India Company, several changes were brought:
- Introduction of land revenue reforms: Cornwallis implemented the Permanent Settlement Act of 1793, which aimed to stabilize land tenure and revenue collection. The Act fixed land revenue payments, making them permanent and non-revisable. This policy had long-lasting effects on the Indian economy and society.
- Expansion of trade and commerce: Cornwallis aimed to increase British control over Indian trade. He established a more favorable trade policy for the East India Company and promoted the British textile industry by restricting the import of Indian textiles to Britain.
- Establishment of educational institutions: Cornwallis recognized the importance of Western education in spreading British influence. He established the Calcutta Madrasah in 1781, which later became the Aligarh Muslim University. This was one of the first educational institutions established by the British in India.
- Implementation of religious tolerance policies: Cornwallis introduced policies that aimed to promote religious tolerance and protect the rights of religious minorities in India. This included the issuance of the Bengal Regulation of 1793, which prohibited the interference of British courts in matters of religious law.