Final answer:
Golding presents the descent into savagery in Lord of the Flies through symbolism and the breakdown of societal order, as well as by developing characters with conflicting moralities.
Step-by-step explanation:
Golding presents the descent into savagery in Lord of the Flies through various techniques. One way he does this is by utilizing symbolism and the breakdown of societal order. For example, the conch shell is initially a symbol of democracy and order, but as the boys lose their civility, the conch loses its power and authority. Another way Golding presents the descent into savagery is by developing characters with conflicting moralities. The characters of Ralph and Jack represent different approaches to leadership and civilization, and their clash ultimately leads to chaos and violence.