Final answer:
The Abbasid Caliphate is considered the Golden Age of Islam due to fair rulership, support for scientific and literary advancements, and a period of peace and prosperity.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Abbasid Caliphate is considered the Golden Age of Islam for several reasons. Firstly, they established a tradition of fair rulership and sought to ensure smooth governance in various aspects of society. Additionally, the caliphate supported scientific and literary advancements, providing extensive support to scientists and writers. Lastly, the Abbasid Caliphate enjoyed a period of peace and prosperity, creating a cosmopolitan society that was ahead of its time.