Final answer:
The categories of positive self-talk are internal and external, optimistic and pessimistic, affirmations and encouragements, and positive and negative self-talk.
Step-by-step explanation:
The categories of positive self-talk are a) Internal and external, b) Optimistic and pessimistic, c) Affirmations and encouragements, and d) Positive and negative. Internal self-talk refers to the thoughts and beliefs we hold about ourselves, while external self-talk involves the feedback and comments we receive from others. Optimistic self-talk is characterized by positive expectations and beliefs, while pessimistic self-talk is marked by negative expectations and beliefs. Affirmations are positive statements that we repeat to ourselves to build self-confidence and self-esteem, while encouragements are messages of support and motivation.