Final answer:
The job analysis technique with 194 items is the Position Analysis Questionnaire (PAQ), used in industrial and organizational psychology to determine the tasks and worker characteristics needed for a job.
Step-by-step explanation:
The job analysis technique that involves 194 items, each of which represents a basic element that may or may not play an important role in the job, is known as Position Analysis Questionnaire (PAQ). Job analysis is a fundamental aspect of industrial and organizational psychology, which oversees the process of identifying and matching persons to tasks within an organization. Techniques such as observation, surveys, and interviews are integral in obtaining the information required for a thorough job analysis. This often involves both task-oriented approaches, specifying the tasks that will be performed, and worker-oriented approaches, indicating the characteristics required of the worker to perform the job successfully.
The Position Analysis Questionnaire (PAQ) is a standardized job analysis instrument that helps in identifying job specifications, particularly the knowledge, skills, and abilities (KSAs) required for a job. Ultimately, the information derived from job analysis forms the basis for various human resource functions, including crafting job descriptions, developing training programs, and assessing candidate qualifications. It is essential for ensuring that the hiring process aligns with organizational needs and the specific requirements of the position.