Final answer:
A firewall is a security system that protects against hackers by monitoring network traffic and blocking malicious activities. Hackers steal varied types of data, using it for nefarious purposes, but can be combated with enhanced security like two-factor authentication and educating users about scams.
Step-by-step explanation:
A firewall is a network security system that monitors and controls incoming and outgoing network traffic based on predetermined security rules. Its primary purpose is to establish a barrier between your internal network and incoming traffic from external sources (such as the internet) to block malicious traffic like viruses and hackers. A firewall can be hardware, software, or both.
Hackers use various tactics, including phishing, malware, and exploiting security vulnerabilities to access sensitive data. They may steal personal information, financial data, intellectual property, and more. This stolen information can be used for fraudulent activities, selling on the dark web, or even espionage. Hackers can be quite successful if proper security measures, like a robust firewall, are not in place.
To enhance security and reduce the risk of hacking, individuals should use two-factor authentication, create stronger passwords, and be educated about scam avoidance. Businesses and governments should implement stronger website protections, regular security audits, and have contingency plans for breaches. In case of a data breach, immediate action to secure systems and notify affected parties is crucial.