Question

Biases that cause response distortion in psych testing include...

a) Acquiescence Bias, Extreme Response Bias, and Social Desirability Bias

b) Random Response Bias, Regression Bias, and Hawthorne Effect

c) Observer Bias, Recall Bias, and Confirmation Bias

d) Sampling Bias, Selection Bias, and Recall Bias

Answer 1

The correct biases causing response distortion in psych testing are Acquiescence Bias, Extreme Response Bias, and Social Desirability Bias, exemplified by the 'Bradley effect' where respondents provide socially desirable answers rather than truthful ones.

Step-by-step explanation:

Biases that cause response distortion in psychological testing include Acquiescence Bias, Extreme Response Bias, and Social Desirability Bias. The right option here would be a) Acquiescence Bias, Extreme Response Bias, and Social Desirability Bias.

Acquiescence Bias occurs when respondents tend to agree with all the questions or tend to respond in the affirmative, regardless of the question content. Extreme Response Bias is when respondents tend to answer with extreme responses, for example choosing 'strongly agree' or 'strongly disagree' on Likert scales more often than other options. Social Desirability Bias is when respondents answer in a way that they believe would be seen favorably by others or to avoid admitting to undesirable traits or behaviors. An example of this bias is the 'Bradley effect', which is the tendency of opinion poll respondents to provide socially desirable responses rather than disclosing their true beliefs about a minority political candidate.