Final answer:
Early modern trade routes impacted the development of kingdoms, nations, and states through economic growth and cultural exchange.
Step-by-step explanation:
Two ways in which early modern trade routes impacted the development of kingdoms, nations, and states are as follows:
- Economic Growth: Trade routes facilitated the exchange of goods, leading to economic growth in kingdoms, nations, and states. For example, the Silk Roads connected China, India, and the Middle East, allowing for the trade of valuable goods such as spices, silk, and ivory.
- Cultural Exchange: Trade routes also promoted cultural exchange among different regions and civilizations. As merchants traveled along the trade routes, they brought new ideas, technologies, and religions with them. This led to the spread of Islam, Buddhism, and Christianity, as well as the exchange of art, literature, and scientific knowledge.