Final answer:
The essential components of a complete sentence structure are the subject and predicate. The subject is usually a noun or pronoun that performs the action or is described, while the predicate contains the verb and provides information about what the subject does or is. Option B is the correct answer to the student's question.
Step-by-step explanation:
The essential components for the structure of a complete sentence are the subject and the predicate. To clarify, a subject can be a noun, a pronoun, or even a phrase that performs the action or is described in the sentence. Conversely, the predicate expresses what the subject does or is; it includes the verb and may also contain objects, complements, and adverbials.
The correct answer to the question is option B. Subject and predicate are essential for a complete sentence. A noun or pronoun alone cannot constitute a complete sentence; rather, these elements typically serve as the subject within the broader requirement of having both a subject and a predicate for proper sentence structure.
For example, in the sentence "The bus leaves in five minutes," 'The bus' is the subject, and 'leaves in five minutes' is the predicate. Similarly, in "Property taxes were raised last year," 'Property taxes' is the subject and 'were raised last year' is the predicate.