Final answer:
The excerpt from Frederick Douglass' "What to the Slave is the Fourth of July?" uses deductive reasoning by presenting a logical argument based on specific evidence and general principles to draw a conclusion.
Step-by-step explanation:
The excerpt from <strong>What to the Slave is the Fourth of July?</strong> by Frederick Douglass is an example of <strong>deductive reasoning</strong> because it presents a logical argument based on specific evidence and general principles to draw a conclusion. Deductive reasoning moves from general to specific ideas, starting with a hypothesis or premise and examining possibilities that lead to a specific and logical conclusion. In this excerpt, Douglass uses specific examples and evidence to support his argument about the hypocrisy and injustice of celebrating Independence Day while still allowing slavery to persist.