Final answer:
A case study involves analyzing a person, group, or event in detail. Simulations are virtual environments that replicate real-life situations. Programmed learning and mastery learning are instructional methods that guide students through structured materials and ensure mastery of learning objectives.
Step-by-step explanation:
Case Study:
A case study is a detailed analysis of a person, group, or event. It involves collecting and analyzing data to gain insights into a particular topic or phenomenon. For example, in a psychology class, students may study a case of a patient with a specific mental disorder to understand its symptoms and treatment.
Simulations:
Simulations are computer-based models or virtual environments that replicate real-life situations or processes. They allow students to interact with and manipulate variables to understand how different factors affect an outcome. For instance, in a physics class, students can use a simulation to explore the motion of objects in different gravitational fields.
Programmed Learning:
Programmed learning is a self-paced instructional approach that uses a series of structured materials or modules to guide learners through a sequence of concepts or skills. It typically includes assessments to track progress and provide immediate feedback. For example, in a language learning course, students may follow a program with lessons that gradually introduce and reinforce vocabulary and grammar rules.
Mastery Learning:
Mastery learning is an instructional method where students are given multiple opportunities to demonstrate mastery of specific learning objectives. It focuses on ensuring that students achieve a high level of proficiency before moving on to new content. For instance, in a math class, students may have to successfully solve a set of algebraic equations before advancing to more complex topics.