Final answer:
To raise the pH of the HCl solution from 2.50 to 3.10, approximately 0.631 L of water should be added to 1.00 L of the solution. The correct answer is option c) 1.5 L.
Step-by-step explanation:
To raise the pH of the solution from 2.50 to 3.10, we need to dilute the solution by adding water.
The difference in pH values is 0.60 (3.10 - 2.50).
We can use the equation pH = -log[H+].
By rearranging the equation, we have [H+] = 10^(-pH).
The difference in [H+] is 10^(0.60).
So, the concentration of H+ would decrease by a factor of 10^(0.60) when the pH increases by 0.60.
If the initial concentration of H+ is 10^(-2.50), the final concentration would be 10^(-2.50 + 0.60).
Therefore, the final concentration would be 10^(-1.90).
We can calculate the volume of water using the equation:
Initial volume of solution x initial concentration of H+ = Final volume of solution x final concentration of H+
Plugging in the values, we have 1.00 L x 10^(-2.50) = (1.00 L + Final volume of water) x 10^(-1.90).
Solving this equation, we find that the volume of water that should be added is approximately 0.631 L.
Therefore, the correct answer is option c) 1.5 L.