Final answer:
Economies of scale are the reductions in unit cost achieved by producing a large volume of a product. As the quantity of output goes up, the cost per unit goes down. This is because a larger factory can produce at a lower average cost than a smaller factory.
Step-by-step explanation:
Economies of scale are the reductions in unit cost achieved by producing a large volume of a product. As the quantity of output goes up, the cost per unit goes down. This is because a larger factory can produce at a lower average cost than a smaller factory. For example, warehouse stores like Costco or Walmart take advantage of economies of scale to offer lower prices to consumers.