Final answer:
Governments addressed the issue of fading war enthusiasm by using media propaganda, including newsreels and posters, to stir up emotions and encourage participation in the war effort as 'citizen soldiers'.
Step-by-step explanation:
During World War II and other major conflicts, governments faced the challenge of fading enthusiasm for the war among their populations. To address this, governments took several measures to boost morale and support for the war effort.
One such measure was to use propaganda through various media. Newsreels and posters were created to stir emotions and foster a sense of duty and pride in being "citizen soldiers". Films, radio broadcasts, and even Hollywood movies projected the valor of soldiers and the importance of the war effort, encouraging public support and participation.
The US government, in particular, launched what was at the time the biggest public relations campaign in history. They produced media content to engage every sector of the population, urging them to contribute to the war effort through rationing, production, and other sacrifices. Controlling the economy by setting prices and rationing goods was also part of the government's strategy to manage resources and maintain morale.
Thus, the most accurate answer to the question 'How did governments address the issue of fading enthusiasm for the war within their populations?' is C. They used newsreels and posters to stir up emotions.