Final answer:
Artillery was not a new method of warfare used during World War I; while it saw improvements, it was not introduced in this war, unlike poison gas, airplanes, and U-boats (submarines). The correct answer is option: artillery.
Step-by-step explanation:
The weapon that was not a new method of warfare used during World War I is artillery. Although artillery saw significant advancement during World War I, it was not a new technology introduced in the conflict.
Instead, weapons like poison gas, airplanes, and U-boats (submarines) were either new to the battlefield or were used in novel ways during the war.
Artillery had been used extensively in previous conflicts but was simply improved upon during World War I with technologies such as the German 'Big Bertha' howitzer.
Airplanes and poison gas represented significant new aspects of warfare, with planes being used for reconnaissance, bombing, and combat, and poison gas causing widespread casualties and necessitating new defensive measures.