Final answer:
Noam Chomsky's term for the brain's innate language learning ability is the Language Acquisition Device (LAD). Chomsky believed in an innate capacity, while Skinner emphasized environmental reinforcement. Current consensus recognizes the role of both inborn biological mechanisms and environmental influences in language acquisition.
Step-by-step explanation:
Language Acquisition Device - Noam Chomsky's Theory:
Noam Chomsky used the term Language Acquisition Device (LAD) to describe structures and processes in the brain that are specifically designed for learning language. Chomsky criticized B.F. Skinner's behaviorist view that language is learned solely through reinforcement and feedback, such as through parental approval or understanding. In contrast, Chomsky proposed that a biological predisposition for language acquisition exists and is inherent in humans, which he conceptualized with the idea of the LAD.
Researchers now support a synthesized view acknowledging that while there is an innate biological foundation for language acquisition, known as nature, the learning and development of language are also significantly influenced by nurture - the environmental interactions and linguistic experiences of an individual.