Final answer:
The claim that everyone in modern times falls into either the bourgeois or agrarian peasant groups is false. Modern societies are complex, with a myriad of social divisions beyond these classifications as highlighted by historical analysis.
Step-by-step explanation:
The statement that in modern times, everyone belongs to either the bourgeois or the agrarian peasants group is false. While these classifications were significant during the Industrial Revolution and the development of capitalism, they do not encompass the complexity of modern social structures. Karl Marx did highlight the societal division between the bourgeoisie, who own the means of production, and the proletariat, the laborers. However, this dichotomous view oversimplifies the realities of contemporary societies, where a multitude of class distinctions exist based on factors beyond mere relations to the production process.
The bourgeoisie emerged as a distinct and influential group following the market revolution. It consisted of factory owners, clerks, bureaucrats, professionals like doctors and lawyers, and was characterized by their non-manual occupations.
The agrarian peasants, or the rural population who were often part of a manorial system, made up a significant part of society, particularly in Europe. However, over time, the rigid class structures have become more fluid, with mobility and the emergence of new social classes that defy rigid categorization.