Final answer:
The fallopian tube, also known as the uterine tube or oviduct, is the tube that transports egg cells from the ovary to the uterus, and fertilization typically occurs within this tube.
Step-by-step explanation:
The tube that carries egg cells from the ovary to the uterus is the fallopian tube (also known as the uterine tube or oviduct). This vital component of the female reproductive system plays a key role in the process of fertilization and the transport of an ovulated oocyte (egg cell).
Each ovary is linked to its respective fallopian tube, which has an open funnel-shaped end with finger-like extensions called fimbriae. After ovulation, the fimbriae help guide the egg into the fallopian tube. The egg then travels through the fallopian tube towards the uterus.
The internal walls of the fallopian tubes are lined with ciliated cells and smooth muscle that both serve to propel the egg forward. Fertilization usually occurs within the fallopian tube, and if the egg becomes fertilized, it will then move to implant itself in the uterus. Even if fertilization does not occur, the egg still travels to and through the uterus, supported by the tubular fluid.