Final answer:
The discovery and development of new antibiotics is a collaborative responsibility involving pharmaceutical companies, governmental agencies, and academic researchers, with financial incentives and public funding playing key roles.
Step-by-step explanation:
Who is Responsible for New Antibiotics Discovery:
The responsibility for discovering and developing new antibiotics should be a combined effort of governmental agencies, private sector pharmaceutical companies, and academic research institutions. Financial incentives and public funding are critical to catalyze such endeavors. Given the rising threat of antibiotic resistance, there's an urgent need for new antibiotics. Typically, pharmaceutical companies have taken the lead in drug development due to their resources and expertise.
However, the economic model for antibiotic development is less attractive compared to drugs for chronic conditions, which affects company interest. Recognizing this challenge, the White House's executive order and global initiatives like the Review on Antimicrobial Resistance signify the governmental role in incentivizing research. The fiscal year 2016 budget proposal doubling research and development funding for combating antibiotic resistance is an example of such incentives.