Final answer:
Obesity is a health condition where excess body fat accumulates, posing various health risks such as diabetes, heart disease, and metabolic syndrome. Central obesity is specifically linked to the most harmful health effects. Lifestyle changes including diet and exercise are key in managing obesity.
Step-by-step explanation:
Obesity is a complex disease characterized by having excess body fat. This condition is an indicator of metabolic syndrome, which also includes indicators such as high blood pressure, high levels of glucose and triglycerides, and low levels of HDL cholesterol. Obesity is a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes, primarily due to the accumulation of adipose tissue, especially central obesity where fat is stored in the abdomen.
Historically, humans and animals have stored excess calories as fat for survival during times of scarce food supply; however, in today's developed world, this has led to chronic levels and is now considered a major health threat. Obesity can lead to various health issues, including diabetes, high blood pressure, and increased risk of certain types of cancer. Controlling body fat through changes in lifestyle, particularly diet and exercise, is essential for reducing the risk of associated diseases.