Final answer:
The innate immune response is the body's first line of defense and includes physical and chemical barriers. Inflammation is a key step in the innate immune response. The adaptive immune response is specialized, specific to pathogens, and provides long-term immunity.
Step-by-step explanation:
The innate immune response is the body's first line of physiological defense against pathogens. It occurs naturally due to genetic factors or physiology and works to reduce the workload for the adaptive immune response. The innate immune response includes physical barriers (such as the skin and mucous membranes) and chemical barriers (such as enzymes and antimicrobial peptides) that prevent the entry and growth of pathogens.
Inflammation is one of the key steps in the innate immune response. It is triggered by the presence of pathogens and involves the release of various signaling molecules, such as cytokines and chemokines. Inflammation leads to the recruitment of immune cells to the site of infection and the destruction of pathogens by phagocytic cells.
On the other hand, the adaptive immune response is a highly specialized immune response that takes days or weeks to develop. It involves the production of antibodies by B cells and the activation of T cells. Unlike the innate immune response, the adaptive immune response is highly specific to particular pathogens and can provide long-term immunity.