Final answer:
A standard dipstick urine urinalysis involves testing for chemicals, proteins, glucose, pH levels, and cellular elements in a urine sample. Abnormal levels can signal various health conditions, and the test may include physical, chemical, and microscopic examination of the sample.
Step-by-step explanation:
A standard dipstick urine urinalysis typically tests for a range of substances and conditions within a urine sample. The analysis can include the physical observation of the urine's color and odor, and chemical testing using urine test strips that compare results against a color key. Substances commonly tested for include:
- Levels of chemicals such as magnesium, sodium, uric acid, calcium, citrate, oxalate, and phosphate.
- The presence and quantity of protein, glucose, and pH levels.
- Cellular elements like red cells, white cells, and epithelial cells through microscopic examination.
- Other findings like bacteria, cellular casts, and crystals.
Abnormal levels of these substances may indicate conditions such as infections, kidney problems, or metabolic disorders. In cases where a specific disorder is suspected, a more extensive urinalysis may be performed to diagnose the underlying issue.