Final answer:
Exocytosis is the process that allows the cell to dispose of wastes by enclosing waste material in a membrane-bound vesicle that fuses with the cell membrane and releases its contents to the exterior of the cell.
Step-by-step explanation:
Of the options given, the process that allows the cell to dispose of wastes is exocytosis. In exocytosis, waste material is enclosed in a membrane-bound vesicle that fuses with the cell membrane and releases its contents to the exterior of the cell. This process is used by cells to eliminate waste and expel particles from the cell.
The process that allows a cell to dispose of wastes is known as exocytosis. During exocytosis, waste materials are encapsulated in membranous vesicles within the cell. These vesicles then travel to the plasma membrane, merge with it, and release their contents to the exterior of the cell. This is how cells expel waste products into their surrounding environment.
It's important to distinguish this process from endocytosis, which is the process of taking substances into the cell. Both endocytosis and exocytosis involve the movement of materials in vesicles and are active processes requiring energy. However, the direction of material flow is opposite: endocytosis brings substances into the cell, while exocytosis sends substances out of the cell. The sodium-potassium pump, while also an active transport mechanism, is primarily involved in maintaining electrochemical gradients across the cell membrane and is not directly involved in the disposal of cellular waste.