Final answer:
The Hindu term 'jati' matches with 'caste', 'Guru' with 'a teacher', and 'Brahman' with 'supreme God'. The caste system categorizes society into different classes with specific roles and is influenced by karma. Brahmans, Kshatriyas, Vaishyas, Shudras, and Dalits are key classes within this system.
Step-by-step explanation:
Matching the Hindu terms with their meanings, 1. jati refers to the caste system, a social class to which a person is born and which largely determines their role in society. 2. Guru signifies a teacher or spiritual advisor, often playing a crucial role in an individual's religious and personal development. 3. Brahman is considered the supreme God or divine reality in Hinduism, representing the unifying force behind all things.
Hinduism, being the first major religion in India, incorporates a diverse range of beliefs and practices, including the belief in karma, which is the moral law of cause and effect that influences the cycle of rebirth. The caste system, while ancient, continues to influence aspects of Indian society today, although there has been significant pushback against its restrictive nature.
Within the varnas, the Brahmin caste encompasses priests and teachers, the Kshatriya are traditionally warriors and rulers, the Vaishya include merchants and farmers, and the Shudra are generally servile workers and laborers. The Dalits, once known as Untouchables or Harijan, which means 'children of God'—a term popularized by Mahatma Gandhi—are at the bottom of the societal hierarchy and have faced historical discrimination.