In the 1920s, nativism, the resurgence of the Ku Klux Klan (KKK), and the Scopes Trial all represented challenges and resistance to societal changes. Nativism, fueled by xenophobia, opposed the influx of immigrants, especially those from Southern and Eastern Europe, and sought to preserve what some considered the "traditional" American way of life. The KKK's resurgence during this time reflected a backlash against the cultural shifts, targeting not only African Americans but also immigrants and other minority groups. The Scopes Trial, which focused on the teaching of evolution in schools, underscored the tension between science and traditional religious beliefs, with fundamentalists resisting the modernization of education. Collectively, these phenomena reflected a broader societal struggle between conservative forces seeking to maintain the status quo and progressive elements pushing for social and cultural change during the 1920s.