Final answer:
Evaporation is best suited for the decontamination of materials with high vapor pressure because they readily transition to vapor at lower temperatures, which promotes faster evaporation.
Step-by-step explanation:
Evaporation is the process whereby a liquid is converted into its vapor state below the boiling temperature of the liquid. During evaporation, factors like vapor pressure and temperature play significant roles.
Materials with high vapor pressure are ideal for decontamination through evaporation because they have a greater tendency to convert into vapor at lower temperatures. High vapor pressure indicates that the molecules of the liquid are escaping into the gas phase readily, which facilitates faster evaporation.
In contrast, dissolved solids tend to lower the liquid's characteristic vapor pressure, leading to vapor pressure depression, and thus evaporate more slowly, unless the solute itself is a liquid or a gas and contributes to the vapor pressure. Therefore, the correct answer is that evaporation is used for decontamination of materials with high vapor pressure.