Final answer:
Strong acids completely dissociate into ions when dissolved in water, while weak acids only partially dissociate. Examples of strong acids include hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, and nitric acid.
Step-by-step explanation:
In chemistry, strong acids are acids that completely dissociate into ions when dissolved in water, while weak acids only partially dissociate. Examples of strong acids include hydrochloric acid (HCl), sulfuric acid (H2SO4), and nitric acid (HNO3). Examples of weak acids include acetic acid (CH3COOH) and carbonic acid (H2CO3).
The ions that are always used in acid-base reactions are hydrogen ions (H+) and hydroxide ions (OH-). The relationship between conjugate acids and bases is that a conjugate acid is formed when a base accepts a proton (H+), and a conjugate base is formed when an acid donates a proton. For example, in the reaction HCl (acid) + H2O (base) -> H3O+ (conjugate acid) + Cl- (conjugate base), H2O is the base that accepts a proton to form the conjugate acid, and HCl is the acid that donates a proton to form the conjugate base.
Analogous means comparable or similar in certain respects. In the context of acid-base chemistry, it means that there are similarities or parallels between different acid-base reactions. For example, the concept of conjugate acids and bases applies to different acid-base pairs, and the relative strengths of acids and bases can be compared and classified.