Final answer:
The term 'absolute value' corresponds to the distance from zero on the number line, and 'translation' involves shifting a graph in the coordinate plane. Scalars have only magnitude, while vectors have both magnitude and direction. Consistent coordinate systems are vital for solving motion problems.
Step-by-step explanation:
Matching Vocabulary with Definitions
Let's match each vocabulary word to its correct definition related to physical quantities in physics:
- Absolute value - a) the distance that a number is from zero on the number line; always positive.
- Translation - b) a shift or slide of a graph in the coordinate plane.
Understanding Scalars and Vectors
A scalar is a physical quantity that has only magnitude and no direction. Examples include temperature, energy content, speed limits, a person's height, and the distance of 2.0 meters. On the other hand, a vector is a physical quantity that has both magnitude and direction, represented by an arrow in diagrams. Displacement, velocity, and acceleration are examples of vector quantities.
When calculating displacement, we use the formula Δd = df - do, where Δd represents displacement, df is the final position, and do is the original position. The magnitude of a vector is indicated by the absolute value notation, for instance D = |D|, which is always positive.
In motion problems, it's crucial to define a coordinate system with a positive and negative direction and to maintain consistency throughout the problem-solving process.