Final answer:
To find the theoretical yield of NaCl from the reaction with NaHCO₃ and HCl, one must calculate the moles of NaHCO₃, use the 1:1 mole ratio to find moles of NaCl, and then convert to grams using the molar mass of NaCl. The calculated theoretical mass of NaCl is 0.358 g, which does not match any of the provided options.
Step-by-step explanation:
The calculation of the theoretical yield of sodium chloride (NaCl) from sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO₃) involves stoichiometry. Based on the balanced chemical reaction NaHCO₃ (s) + HCl (aq) → NaCl (aq) + H₂O (l) + CO₂ (g), one mole of sodium bicarbonate reacts with one mole of hydrochloric acid to produce one mole of sodium chloride. To find the theoretical yield of NaCl, we first need to calculate the number of moles of NaHCO₃ used.
We use the molar mass of NaHCO₃, which is approximately 84.01 g/mol, to calculate moles:
Number of moles of NaHCO₃ = 0.515 g / 84.01 g/mol = 0.00613 moles
Next, since the mole ratio of NaHCO₃ to NaCl is 1:1, the number of moles of NaCl produced will also be 0.00613. Using the molar mass of NaCl (approximately 58.44 g/mol), we calculate the theoretical mass of NaCl:
Theoretical mass of NaCl = 0.00613 moles × 58.44 g/mol = 0.358 g
However, this result is not one of the options given. It is possible there may have been a rounding error or typo in the question or the response options. In a typical setting, we would expect the closest answer to 0.358 g to be correct.