Final answer:
The relationship between strength/upper body endurance and health outcomes includes improved cardiovascular health and reduced risk of diseases. Muscular strength and endurance are improved by different types of exercises. However, there are limitations such as the potential for muscle injuries and risks associated with performance-enhancing substances.
Step-by-step explanation:
The relationship between strength/upper body endurance and a health outcome is significant. Muscular strength is defined as the ability of a muscle to exert force during a contraction, while muscular endurance is the ability of a muscle to continue contracting over a period of time without fatigue. These physical attributes are developed through different exercise types: aerobic exercises like cycling increasing endurance, and anaerobic exercises like weightlifting improving strength.
Hypertrophy, the growth of muscle size, is closely associated with resistance exercises that build muscle. However, without regular training, the opposite effect, atrophy, which is the reduction in muscle size, can occur.
Exercises lead to various health benefits, including improved cardiovascular health, reduced risk of lifestyle diseases such as obesity and type 2 diabetes, better mental health, and reduced injury risk through improved flexibility.
There are, however, limitations to the relationship between strength/endurance and health outcomes. Over-exercising can lead to muscle injuries, including strains and sprains. Moreover, the use of performance-enhancing substances to increase muscle mass can have negative side effects and pose significant health risks. Therefore, while physical exercise is important, it is equally critical to follow recommended guidelines and ensure proper technique and rest periods.