Final answer:
True, syphilis is a sexually transmitted infection caused by Treponema pallidum and can be prevented and treated with antibiotics like penicillin if detected early.
Step-by-step explanation:
Syphilis is indeed a sexually transmitted infection (STI) caused by the bacterium Treponema pallidum. It is spread through direct contact with a syphilitic sore, which may be located on the genitals, anus, lips, or in the mouth. Syphilis can have severe consequences if left untreated, potentially causing chronic disease and eventually being fatal. Initial symptoms, like the hard chancre, are often painless and may go unnoticed. Importantly, syphilis can be cured effectively with antibiotics like penicillin if diagnosed early. It's also crucial for pregnant women to be tested for syphilis, as it can be transmitted to the fetus, but can be prevented with proper treatment. The significant rise in syphilis cases in the United States in 2015 underscores the need for awareness and testing to combat this serious STI.