Final answer:
The relationship between the actual yield and the theoretical yield is expressed as the percentage yield. The percent yield is the ratio of the actual yield to the theoretical yield, expressed as a percentage. The limiting reagent is the reactant that determines the amount of product that can be formed.
Step-by-step explanation:
The relationship between the actual yield and the theoretical yield can be expressed as the percentage yield. The theoretical yield is the calculated yield based on the balanced chemical reaction, while the actual yield is the amount of product obtained in a chemical reaction.
The percent yield is the ratio of the actual yield to the theoretical yield, expressed as a percentage. It is a measure of the efficiency of a reaction.
For example, let's say the theoretical yield of a reaction is 100 grams, but the actual yield obtained is only 80 grams. The percent yield would be calculated as (80 grams / 100 grams) x 100% = 80%.
In a chemical reaction, the limiting reagent is the reactant that is completely consumed and determines the amount of product that can be formed. The excess reagent is the reactant that is present in excess and is not completely consumed.