Final answer:
Article I established the Legislative branch, Article II established the Executive branch, and Article III established the Judicial branch of the U.S. government.
Step-by-step explanation:
Article I of the United States Constitution established the Legislative branch, which is responsible for making the laws of the nation. This branch consists of a bicameral Congress, divided into the House of Representatives and the Senate. The House is based on population, allowing more representation for larger states, while the Senate provides equal representation with two senators from each state.
Article II established the Executive branch, headed by the President, which is charged with enforcing the laws passed by Congress. The powers and responsibilities of the Executive branch, including those of the President, are detailed within this article.
Finally, Article III established the Judicial branch, which includes the Supreme Court and lower federal courts. This branch is tasked with interpreting the laws and upholding the Constitution through the power of judicial review. The structure of the federal judiciary and the powers granted to it are outlined in this article.