Final answer:
The plow, developed during the Neolithic Revolution around 5000 BCE, facilitated the loosening and cultivating of soil for farming, marking a significant leap in agricultural technology. The correct option is A. Plow.
Step-by-step explanation:
The invention from the Neolithic Revolution that allowed people to loosen soil for farming was the plow. The plow, invented around 5000 BCE, was a groundbreaking development that enabled larger areas to be cultivated, including those with rocky or hard soils.
Prior to the plow, agriculture began with rudimentary technologies such as a pointed stick, but with the innovation of the plow, drawn by animals, one family could produce enough food to sustain themselves and others. This led to a settled farming lifestyle as opposed to the nomadic life of hunter-gatherers. The development of the plow was further enhanced by the introduction of metal tools, especially with the onset of bronze technology around 3000 BCE, which allowed for deeper tilling of the soil and turned over larger quantities of earth.
Furthermore, the transition to iron tools around 1000 BCE brought about even stronger implements for farming, such as shovels and furrow-diggers, contributing to the advancement of agriculture and civilization.