Question

This lesson focuses on changes in African nations in the twentieth century. Think about the African countries you've heard of. List as many of these countries as you can.

Answer 1

The twentieth century saw African countries transition from European colonies to independent states, beginning with Ghana in 1957. This process involved overcoming challenges such as civil wars, political upheaval, and the socioeconomic impacts of colonial borders and policies.

Step-by-step explanation:

African nations experienced tremendous changes in the twentieth century transitioning from European colonies to independent states. Following the 'Scramble for Africa', European powers established colonial rule over about 90% of Africa by 1900. This was facilitated by the Berlin Conference where Europeans carved Africa into colonies without regard for indigenous territories. Post-World War II, countries began gaining independence, with Ghana being the first in Sub-Saharan Africa in 1957.

The move to sovereignty was marred by civil wars and political turmoil, as internal conflicts arose over power vacuums left by former colonial rulers. These newly formed nations faced challenges in developing infrastructure and stable political systems. National boundaries, formed based on colonial interests, often ignored ethnic and cultural divisions, contributing to ongoing conflicts and hindering economic development.

Despite the struggles, African countries have forged ahead, endeavoring to build better political structures and increase democratic freedoms. However, the socioeconomic legacy of colonialism still influences the continent's development and place in the global economy.