Final answer:
Metals, characterized by properties such as conductivity, malleability, ductility, and luster, include Mercury (a liquid at room temperature), Iron (strong and magnetic), Copper (superb conductor), and Gold (lustrous and tarnish-resistant).
Step-by-step explanation:
Metals are chemical elements that have distinct properties such as conductivity, malleability, ductility, and luster. These properties are what make metals such a crucial part of our daily lives, being used in everything from electrical wiring to construction.
Let's take a look at some specific examples:
Mercury (Hg): Unique among metals, it is in a liquid state at room temperature, making it stand out from the generally solid state of other metals.
Iron (Fe): Known for its strength and durability, iron is used in construction and is also magnetic, which makes it useful in various technological applications.
Copper (Cu): Highly valued for its excellent thermal and electrical conductivity, copper is often used in wiring and electronics.
Gold (Au): Not only prized for its lustrous appearance but also for its resistance to tarnish and its malleability, gold is frequently used in jewelry and in certain industrial applications.
All of these are good conductors of heat and electricity, malleable, ductile, and possess a shiny luster when freshly cut or polished. These properties define them as metals and differentiate them from nonmetals, which do not share these characteristics.