Final answer:
Each board will measure 7.90 feet in length after cutting off a 2.10-foot section. The typical 16.0-inch placement distance for vertical studs translates to 40.64 centimeters.
Step-by-step explanation:
After removing 2.10-foot sections from each of the 10-foot long boards, the remaining length of each board can be calculated by subtracting the length of the section removed from the original length of the board. Therefore, the calculation would be 10 feet - 2.10 feet. The result of this calculation shows that each board will be 7.90 feet in length after the cut is made.
Regarding the placement distance for lumber used as vertical studs, a distance of 16.0 inches is equivalent to approximately 40.64 centimeters.