Final answer:
The best description of medicine in the Islamic caliphate is that it was highly innovative and professional, thanks to the efforts during the Islamic Golden Age and contributions by scholars like Ibn Sina.
Step-by-step explanation:
The medicine of the Islamic caliphate can be best described as highly innovative and professional. During the Islamic Golden Age, spanning from the mid 7th to the mid 13th century, the caliphates emphasized learning and made significant advances in various fields, including medicine. The geographic diversity of the Islamic Empire allowed for the comparison of medical treatments across different climates, leading to the expansion of medical knowledge. Islamic scholars like Ibn Sina, who wrote 'The Canon of Medicine', made foundational contributions to the field, and his works, as well as others, were widely read and built upon. Furthermore, the Ottoman Empire played a crucial role in the development of medical science, with important medical treatises being written within its domain. Thus, the correct answer to the question is A) It was highly innovative and professional.