Final answer:
Immigration during the nineteenth century had both positive and negative impacts on the U.S. workforce. It contributed to economic growth and the expansion of industries, but also increased competition and lowered wages for low-skilled workers.
Step-by-step explanation:
Immigration had both positive and negative impacts on the U.S. workforce during the nineteenth century. On one hand, immigration contributed to the growth of industries, such as the building of the transcontinental railroad, by providing a ready supply of labor. Immigrants brought new skills, ideas, and labor that helped drive economic expansion.
On the other hand, immigration also had negative effects on American low-skilled workers. The influx of low-skill immigrant workers increased competition for jobs, which led to lower wages and working conditions for both immigrants and native-born workers.
Overall, immigration during the nineteenth century had a mixed impact on the U.S. workforce, benefiting certain industries while negatively affecting low-skilled workers.