Final answer:
Henry Hudson claimed New York Harbor and the Hudson River for the Dutch during his 1609 expedition, which was significant in Dutch colonization efforts. He did not find the Northwest Passage, was not killed by natives in the Philippines, nor did he claim Florida for the Dutch.
Step-by-step explanation:
The statement that is true of Henry Hudson is that he claimed New York Harbor and the Hudson River for the Dutch. This occurred during his 1609 expedition, where he was tasked by the Dutch East India Company to find the Northwest Passage. Unfortunately, Hudson did not discover the fabled water route to Asia, but he did find and claim valuable territory that became integral to the Dutch fur trade and colonization efforts. His voyages were significant in establishing Dutch influence in the region, resulting in the creation of New Netherland, with Fort Orange and New Amsterdam being pivotal settlements. Options A and D are incorrect; there is no historical record of Hudson being killed by natives in the Philippines or him claiming Florida for the Dutch. While Hudson did sail to North America multiple times, option C is not entirely accurate as it implies he did so four times, which is not specifically validated in the available historical documentation.