Final answer:
India separated from Africa as part of ancient geological processes over 100 million years ago, culminating in the collision with Asia and the creation of the Himalayas. Africa has had a diverse history with various civilizations, significantly impacted by the transatlantic slave trade.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question "How did India separate from Africa?" relates to the geological and historical process by which the Indian subcontinent, originally part of the ancient supercontinent Gondwana, broke away and eventually drifted to its current position. This process began over 100 million years ago in the late Mesozoic era. By about 50 million years ago, during the Eocene epoch, India collided with Asia, leading to the formation of the Himalayas. As for African history, various civilizations thrived over millennia, with trade networks spanning across the continent and beyond.
Africa has a rich and diverse history with small village-based governments as well as large kingdoms. The transatlantic slave trade, which began in the 1500s, had a profoundly negative impact on African societies. Early humans originated in Africa and spread around the globe, encountering other hominids such as Neanderthals.