Final answer:
An ideal transformer with a transformation ratio 'n' changes voltage and current depending on the type of transformer. A step-up transformer increases voltage and decreases current, while a step-down transformer does the opposite. The transformer equation relates the voltage ratios to the turns ratio in the windings.
Step-by-step explanation:
An ideal transformer with a transformation ratio n is a device that transforms voltages from one value to another by using electromagnetic induction. The transformation ratio determines whether the transformer increases or decreases voltage and changes the current accordingly.
For a step-up transformer, which increases voltage and decreases current, the transformation ratio is greater than one. Conversely, for a step-down transformer, which decreases voltage and increases current, this ratio is less than one.
The transformer equation symbolically represents this relationship, demonstrating that the ratio of the secondary to primary voltages equals the ratio of the number of turns in their windings (Vs/Vp = Ns/Np). This also implies that, assuming negligible resistance, the electrical power output of a transformer is approximately equal to its input (Pp = Ps).