Final answer:
It is false that providing the lowest cost estimate is the best way to win a bid, as factors such as quality and reliability are also important. Ethical principles challenge the idea that 'everyone has a price.' Moreover, it is true that majority rule can fail to produce a single outcome when multiple choices are available.
Step-by-step explanation:
The statement that providing a much lower cost estimate than anyone else is one of the best ways to win a bid is false. While a low bid can be an advantage, it is not the only factor in winning a bid. Factors such as reputation, quality of work, and reliability also play crucial roles in the decision-making process for awarding contracts. Moreover, bidding too low can lead to unsustainable business practices and can damage the bidding entity's credibility and ability to deliver the promised services or goods.
It is also important to consider the ethical implications of the claim that "everyone has a price." If taken at face value, this belief could imply that all decisions and loyalties can be bought, ignoring moral and ethical principles that govern behavior in both personal and professional contexts.
Concerning majority rule, it is true that majority rule can fail to produce a single preferred outcome when there are more than two choices. This is due to the possibility of vote splitting among several options, leading to a situation where no single choice receives a majority of the votes, known as Condorcet's paradox.